management

1. How would you define global governance? How is global governance a centralization of authority at the global level and how is regional governance a fragmentation of global authority at the regional level? Based on your answer, which type of governance states seem to support more any why?

2. When it comes to nuclear power, only five members of the UN (United Nation) have access to this asset and their power is generally unchecked, when it comes to other nations and nuclear power, the “Top Five” countries say who can have what as far as nuclear power. The collaborative efforts of the United Nations do work in some regards. This can be seen with the Kyoto Protocol. Here, the collective effort of all nations created this protocol in order to reduce the emission of dangerous greenhouse gases. Some have referred to this as the greatest environmental treaty in history. All in all, the idea of Global Governance is outstanding, however it must have the buy-in of all parties involved for it to work.

3. Realist theorists suggest the institution of Global Governance exist as an opportunity for states to increase their standings relative to overall power, economic advantage, security, etc. States will seek to be included in institutions of Global governance for the benefits and perks of being members, however they will pick and choose when to be involved in global issues. In many cases the largest and richest nations use these institutions of global governance to continue to seek more global influence and say in global issues to increase their standing and relative level of power.

4. Why do most historians of IR (International Relations) view the Treaty of Westphalia as a permanent legacy of modern international relations? What are its benchmarks?

5. Historians often trace the decline if not ‘death’ of European Christian civilization to the various crises mentioned above. Does this view seem justified—could the health or well being of the Church actually depend upon the behavior of states?