1
Universal Health Care
Avila, Cecila Joan. “Expanding health coverage is good. But we also need to fix stingy
insurance plans.” The Washington Post. 5 Mar 2021,
https://go-gale-com.laney.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=OVIC&u=oakl75399&v=2.1&it=r
&id=GALE%7CA653941507&inPS=true&linkSource=interlink&sid=bookmark-O
VIC
Summary: Many Americans have not received insurance because of the plan’s cost. President
Biden wants to propose expanding tax credits so people can afford coverage.
Credible: Yes this source is credible because it is from the Laney Libary and I can use this
information for my evidence. I will use this evidence to show the major drop in
Americans not receiving insurance.
Go “US Health Insurance Coverage before and after Job Loss, March-May 2020.” Gale.
2021,
https://go-gale-com.laney.idm.oclc.org/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Infographics&resultLis
tType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=4&searchType=T
opicSearchForm¤tPosition=2&docId=GALE%7CTXYCPP040675590&doc
Type=Interactive+infogram&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZXAY-MOD1&pro
dId=OVIC&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CTXYCPP040675590&topicId=A
AA000036203&searchId=&userGroupName=oakl75399&inPS=true
2
Summary: Due to Covid-19, many Americans have lost their jobs which affected their health
insurance. About 61% of people relied on their employers to give them health benefits.
Credible: Yes this source is credible because it shows statistics on the loss of insurance. I will
connect this evidence with the evidence above to prove that people won’t have money to
afford insurance since they rely on their employers.
Hughes, Robert. “Does the U.S. Need Universal Health Care?” Knowledge at
Wharton. 18 Dec 2020,
https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/u-s-need-universal-health-care/
Summary: Robert Hughes believes that the U.S needs universal health care because it should be
equally accessible to all people. He believes that this would eliminate wealth in health factors.
Credible: Yes, Robert Hughes is a business journalist at the University of Pennsylvania. I will
use this evidence by comparing the U.S with Canada and how it is an advantage for them.
McClure, Walter, et al. “Universal Health Coverage? Why?” Health Affairs
Forefront, 25 July 2017,
https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20170725.061210/
Summary: Americans have been suffering from plenty of conditions while insurance costs are
increasing but it does not help with people’s health quality.
3
Credible: Yes, this source is credible because it was written by “Health Affairs Publication”. I
can use this evidence that people have spent a large amount of money on insurance that they
don’t want.
ProCon.org, “Right to Health Care.” ProCon.org. 15 Feb 2019,
https://healthcare.procon.org
Summary: 27.5 million people do not have health insurance because most people rely on
employer benefits. The U.S is the only country that does not have universal health care.
Credible: Yes this source is credible because it’s from Britannica and I can use this information
on how many people don’t have health insurance.
Sukoff, David. “Why Health Care Is so Expensive (and How to Fix It)” Gale Opposing
Viewpoints Online Collection. 2021,
https://go-gale-com.laney.idm.oclc.org/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=FeaturedContent&resu
ltListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=11&searchT
ype=TopicSearchForm¤tPosition=3&docId=GALE%7CROYCQF50730477
6&docType=Viewpoint+essay&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZXAY-MOD1&p
rodId=OVIC&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CROYCQF507304776&topicId=
AAA000036203&searchId=&userGroupName=oakl75399&inPS=true
Summary: Health care became very expensive and the only way to lower the cost is having the
government be less involved. When they got involved, it would result back in money.
Credible: This source is credible because it is from the Laney library. I can use this information
to prove that even if the government tried lowering costs, it would still be unfair to economic
wealth.
4
Ursula, Probst. “Health insurance for the good European citizen? Migrant sex workers’
quests for health insurance and the moral economy of health care.” Social Science &
Medicine. 2022,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953622004968
Summary: A cis woman found a hard time accessing health care because of her work which
resulted in her paying an extra amount for insurance.
Credible: This source is credible because Probst Ursula is a professor in Berlin. I can use this
information to prove that its still hard for people to get insurance even based on their source of
income.
Extra Sources
https://www.alleghenycounty.us/uploadedFiles/Allegheny_Home/Health_Department/Resources/
Data_and_Reporting/Chronic_Disease_Epidemiology/HEB-ACCESS.pdf
https://www.woosterschool.org/page.cfm?p=1202&newsid=3551&ncat=5
Outline
Step 1 – Outline
Everyone should have universal health care
1. Because it gives people access to all health services
5
2. Because it will decrease poverty
Step 2 – Data/ Evidence
Everyone should have universal health care
1. Because it gives people access to all health services
a. Studies have shown that American people have lower life expectancy due to no services
b. Gets people to see if they have any conditions
c. Prevents and manages diseases
2. Because it will decrease poverty
a. 27.5 million people do not have health insurance because most people rely on employer
benefits
b. Biden proposing on increasing tax credit under Affordable Care Act – which would be 400%
in federal poverty level
c. In a 2020 journal article from Health Affairs, low-income Black and Hispanics were less likely
to have a health savings account
Step 4 – UA
Everyone should have universal healthcare (U.A: Universal healthcare gives free services to
people)
1. Because it gives people access to all health services
6
a. Studies have shown that American people have lower life expectancy due to no services
b. Gets people to see if they have any conditions
c. Prevents and manages diseases
2. Because it will decrease poverty (U.A: Universal healthcare will benefit to lower class)
a. 27.5 million people do not have health insurance because most people rely on employer
benefits
b. Biden proposing increasing tax credits under the Affordable Care Act – which would be 400%
of the federal poverty level
c. In a 2020 journal article from Health Affairs, low-income Black and Hispanics were less likely
to have a health savings account
Step 5: Ethos, Logos, Pathos
Ethos: I am able to use credible sources from my bibliography.
Logos: Almost half of the country has been facing uninsured services, meaning they have not
been getting any health care services.
Pathos: People have been suffering in pain because they have not been getting checked or
because they have no insurance.
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