sex education

explain what this paper is and 3 articles that I need direct quotes from about comprehensive sex education

Causal theoretical model that favors the use of
comprehensive sexuality education
María Julieta Solórzano Salas
Department of Special Education, School of Counseling and Special Education, University of Costa Rica.
Received 18 October, 2019; Accepted 3 December, 2019
This theoretical review goes over the different theoretical variables and constructs that could condition
teacher intervention in relation to CSE curricular contents, since teachers’ experiences affect the
pedagogic decisions they make. The theoretical model includes the constructs of sexual conduct,
teacher training, and teacher self-efficacy for sexual education. Sexual behavior is operationalized by
the theoretical variables of sexual abuse, sexism, attitude toward sexuality, dogmatic and permissive
religiousness, and social, pair and family constructions. Sexual education in teacher training includes
the variables in elementary school, high school, university and any further training. The conclusion is
that teachers must review their own sexual experiences to deconstruct their understanding and to
become an appropriate model for the pedagogic praxis of CSE contents.
Key words: Teacher training, sexual behavior, self-efficacy, comprehensive sexual education, theoretical
model.
INTRODUCTION
Today, UNESCO (2018) promotes the theoretical and
methodological postulate of comprehensive sexuality
education (CSE), as this curricular proposal has
demonstrated that since their early ages students start
experiencing their sexuality comprehensively and freely,
with respect and responsibility toward others. This means
that CSE is based on human rights, and it aims to
empower people to break stigmas that have culturally
oppressed and censored bodily sexual experiences,
reducing it to intercourse, and surrounding it with myths
and fears that are rarely or never based on the many
contributions done by science in this field.
CSE has eight curricular points which interact with each
other and include the topics of relationships, values –
rights – culture and sexuality, understanding gender,
violence and staying safe, skills for health and well-being,
the human body and development, sexuality and sexual
behavior and sexual and reproductive health (Herat et al.,
2018).
CSE improves trust, self-esteem and the construction
of self-efficacy in the students. Thus, the persons who
have received this kind of education usually delay their
first coital experiences, avoid teenage pregnancies, take
voluntary AIDS tests, tend to practice safe sexual
behaviors like the proper use of condoms, and have an
attitude of empowerment that allows them to critically
reflect upon their surroundings, which promotes gender
equality (UNESCO, 2015; Rojas et al., 2017).
E-mail: julieta.solorzano@ucr.ac.cr. Tel: (506) 88349066.
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