Nursing paper

Clinical Reasoning Assignment on Congestive Heart Failure and Hypertension.

Section 2: Pathophysiology

CHF:

Congestive heart failure is a critical chronic condition that occurs in an individual’s body when the heart cannot effectively pump blood to all parts of the body sustainably. According to American Heart Association Inc. (2017), over six million adult Americans live with the CHF condition. This indicates that the disease is not a killer but has the tendency to cause other degenerative conditions that are deadlier than it is. Various factors have been attributed to causing CHF. Age is the integral causative factor to individuals who acquire the condition. A history of coronary artery disease is a critical factor in causing the degeneration of the CHF condition (Salomon, 2022). The abuse of drugs and alcohol is another causative factor in heart failure onset. The third causative factor is a previous record of the disease. In this scope, failure to manage the historic condition of the disease makes it possible for the continuity of the disease to occur in the individual’s life. Abnormal heart valves are the other causative factor to the condition. When the heart fails to have optimally functioning valves, then a reversal of blood flow occurs. This phenomenon results in the increment of blood pressure within the heart chambers, which causes a reduction in pressure within the arteries. Lastly is cardiomyopathy. This is an inherited condition of the heart muscle, which is detrimental to the degeneration of the condition. These are the causative factors to CHF condition.

Hypertension

Hypertension is a condition that occurs in the body after the blood pressure increases steadily. The condition occurs when the heart pumps blood into the arteries at a high pressure above the standard rate. High blood pressure has been touted to occur within individuals without their understanding (Cautela et al., 2020). This is a critical factor that enhances the development of an ideal solution towards creating a progressive balance of the pressure. There are two models of hypertension; primary and secondary hypertension. The causative factor to primary hypertension is not known, but scientific speculation, according to MayoClinic (2022), affirms that it develops with the aging of an individual. For secondary hypertension, the causative factors are; thyroid abnormalities, congenital conditions, coronary artery diseases, adrenal gland tumors, kidney disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. These are critical causative factors that increase the probability of acquiring the condition by an individual.

Critical risk factors influence the acquisition of hypertension in an individual. Scientific research has established that people of African origin have a high probability of acquiring hypertension compared to the other races. Being obese is another critical factor that increases the probability of acquiring the condition. Abuse of drugs like tobacco increases the probability of acquiring the condition. Physical inactivity is another risk factor for individuals who have little activity. The acquisition of hypertension has a degenerative impact on the individuals who acquire it. For instance, heart failure has continually been attributed to acquiring the condition. These are the critical factors that influence the degeneration of the condition.

Hypertension Comorbidity

The treatment of congestive heart failure is significantly affected by hypertension in a patient. The objective of CHF treatment is to establish a sober supply of blood within the body organs. The complication of hypertension when treating CHF occurs with the administration of therapies to establish effective management of the condition (Bavishi & Patel, 2020). In this scope, the probability that the condition increases within the body is that the overall scope of degenerating the condition is within the projection of the requisite balance of blood flow. The failure to develop an effective control of the blood pressure makes it difficult to balance heart functioning. Continued build-up of pressure within the heart cavity makes it difficult to reduce the functioning of the heart because of the positive correlation of hypertension and the CHF condition. The importance of the developed product within the scope of advancing progressive balance of the developed pressure within the body is the ideal factor that causes the continuity of the CHF condition within the patient (Bavishi & Patel, 2020). The change of lifestyle by an individual is the ideal approach that would make it possible to realize effective management of the condition. These are the factors that make the management of CHF condition by individuals suffering from hypertension have the negative scope of managing the condition effectively.

Section 3: Assessment Data including Health History, Physical and Holistic Examination of Data (Clinical Reasoning)

Smoking since the age of 16

Smoking tobacco is a critical risk factor for developing different chronic diseases, with CHF and hypertension conditions being critical. In this scope, the patient has had a history of encouraging smoking since the age of sixteen years. Having attained seventy-four years, it remains critical that the disease keeps on degenerating into the patient’s life. Nicotine and other chemicals within tobacco have been attributed to the destruction of arterial walls. The damage imparted onto the walls makes it difficult for the vessels to expand and contract sustainably. Therefore, the blood’s overall functioning makes it possible to enhance the ideal solution towards the development of the established control of the diseases. These are critical factors that make the utility of established provisions within the scope of advancing the requisite continuity of the condition to be enhanced.

Obese body

Obesity is a critical body condition that has the potential to cause different chronic diseases. Heart failure is one of the conditions that are likely to occur for a patient experiencing the condition. Obesity is a function of a poor nutritional diet. It can also be a function of eating disorders by an individual. The advancement of these provisions in life makes it possible to realize expected programs within the scope of advancing the expected progress on the condition. Therefore, management of the condition is a determinant to determining whether the patient would endeavor to have a positive balance onto the management of the condition or whether the patient would continue suffering from the condition helplessly. These are the critical factors that make the condition’s advancement critical within the established condition.

Administration of medications

The patient has a history of medications that have targeted the inflammations of various parts of the body. The administration of anti-hypertensive, diuretics, and digitalis are

critical in advancing the body’s condition. Therefore, the body must acquire the requisite capacity for advancing the expected condition of establishing effectiveness. The correlation of the drugs with the body’s condition is in the advancement of heart functioning at a high rate above the normal capacity. This is the critical factor that makes it difficult to maintain the body functionality within the requisite state (The UPMC, 2022). These are the critical factors that are renowned for advancing the expected progress in heart attack and hypertension conditions that are exhibited in the patient’s life.

Section 4: Problem identification and Prioritization (clinical judgment)

1. Poor lifestyle

The occurrence of heart failure mostly depends on the lifestyle adopted by an individual. In this scope, the patient’s lifestyle model does not establish an effective approach in providing the expected health condition for sustainability. The smoking habit, for instance, is a critical problem that does not provide the body with an opportunity for creating an improved condition for establishing the connection of the established model of providing the expected progress in achieving as the better lifestyle that has an effective correlation with the expected condition. Poor nutritional factors are another lifestyle risk factor that is associated with the problems experienced by the patient in seeking to ensure that the connection of the obese condition and the possibility of mitigating the problem is enhanced (American Heart Association, Inc., 2017). These are the critical factors that make it possible to enhance the ideal solution to the problems that the patient faces. The patient has an obligation to adopt a sustainable lifestyle that would ensure that the overall scope of the problem is achieved. These are the critical lifestyle problems causing a degeneration of the condition.